What a 'Car Relay Attack' is and How to Protect Yourself From it

In today's technologically advanced era, car security is not just about physical locks and alarms. The advent of keyless entry systems has introduced a new threat known as the "Car Relay Attack."

This guide aims to demystify the concept of car relay attacks and provide practical measures to protect yourself from this sophisticated form of vehicle theft.

Understanding Car Relay Attacks

A car relay attack is a form of wireless theft that exploits keyless entry systems in modern vehicles. Criminals and operatives use specialized equipment to capture and relay signals from a key fob to unlock and start a car without physical access to the key.

This attack requires two devices: one to capture the signal near the key fob and another to transmit it to the car. For example, if the target’s BMW key fob is on a table near their front door, its signal can be captured then expanded to reach the target’s vehicle. Then the device can be used as if the BMW’s actual key fob.

How It Works

1. Signal Capturing: The first device is used near the key fob, which could be inside your house. It amplifies the car's signal, tricking the key fob into responding as if the car is near.

2. Signal Relaying: The second device, near the car, receives the signal from the first device and relays it to the car, effectively mimicking the key fob.

3. Unauthorized Access: The car, believing the key fob is present, unlocks and can be started, allowing the perpetrator to drive away.

Protecting Yourself from Relay Attacks

- Physical Measures

Faraday Pouches: Store your key fob in a Faraday pouch. These pouches are designed to block electromagnetic fields, preventing signal capture.

Strategic Key Fob Placement: Avoid leaving key fobs near doors or windows. Place them in central areas of your home, far from external walls.

Manual Locks: Consider using a steering wheel lock or a gearstick lock. These physical barriers can deter thieves even if they bypass the keyless system.

Secure Parking: Park your vehicle in your garage, behind a locked gate or any secure area that adds a layer of security.

- Technological Solutions

Signal Deactivation: Some key fobs have a sleep mode or can be turned off. Consult your vehicle manual to see if this feature is available and use it, especially overnight.

Software Updates: Ensure your vehicle's software is up to date. Manufacturers sometimes release updates to address security vulnerabilities.

Car Alarm Systems: Ensure your car has an effective alarm system. Modern systems can detect unusual activities, such as attempts to amplify signals.

- Behavioral Adjustments

Awareness: Be aware of your surroundings, especially in public parking areas. Suspicious individuals with electronic devices might be attempting a relay attack.

Routine Variation: Regularly change your parking spots and routines. Predictability can make you an easier target.

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By understanding how these attacks work and implementing a combination of physical, technological, and behavioral measures, you can significantly reduce the risk of becoming a victim of this sophisticated form of theft. Stay informed, stay vigilant, and stay protected.